Value of Central Fat Accumulation Indices and BMI in Evaluating PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – a common endocrinological disorder, affects women of reproductive age and heightens their risk for metabolic syndrome. While body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to assess obesity, it may not effectively detect central obesity––a prevalent characteristic in PCOS. 

A new comparison of central fat accumulation indices (visceral adiposity index - VAI, lipid accumulation product – LAP, and body fat percentage - BFP) with BMI in women with PCOS.

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, including 110 women aged 18-40 who met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS diagnosis. Patients’ height, weight, lipid profile, and calculations of BMI, LAP, and VAI were measured. Body fat percentage was determined using a bioelectrical impedance method, and all indices were subsequently analyzed.

The results revealed a significant positive correlation between BMI and BFP. The VAI and LAP exhibited a significant correlation with each other, while LAP and VAI weakly correlated with BFP. Notably, lean PCOS individuals displayed elevated visceral adiposity indices values and, hence, a less pronounced correlation.

The results indicated that central fat accumulation indices must be incorporated as an essential parameter in evaluating body fat distribution. BFP, VAI, and LAP provide comprehensive insights into both fat distribution and function, presenting a cost-effective means of obtaining complete information to guide the treatment strategy.

Source: Singh N, Hooja N. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India. 2023 Oct;73(Suppl 1):156-60.