Written By: IJCP Editorial Team

Published On: 24 Apr, 2025 12:11 PM | Updated On: 24 Apr, 2025 3:34 PM

Vulvar Tumors: A Case Study on Benign Angiofibroma

Vulvar tumors are rare growths in the lower genital tract and commonly prompt gynecological consultations. Most of these tumors do not require treatment, while some may only need simple excision. Generally, vulvar tumors exhibit benign characteristics, necessitating thorough clinical and pathological evaluations to rule out any serious conditions.

Vulvar tumors can be categorized into cystic and solid types. Cystic tumors include Bartholin's cysts and Skene's cysts, while solid tumors consist of lipomas, angiomas, and vulvar carcinomas. Accurate identification of vulvar lesions and distinguishing between benign, pre-malignant, and malignant stages are crucial for effective diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment.

Angiofibroma is a benign mesenchymal tumor typically found in the genitourinary region, primarily affecting middle-aged women. It features two components: spindle cells and medium-sized blood vessels with hyalinization. The tumor has a favorable prognosis and can be treated with local excision.

A 20-year-old female presented with a mass in her genital area, which had grown from the size of a pea to 4x5 cm over six months. The mass, located on the left labium majus, was soft, non-tender, and did not present any signs of infection. Investigations, including a transperineal ultrasound, suggested a fibroma. Fine needle aspiration cytology indicated features of leiomyoma. The mass was excised under anesthesia, and the specimen revealed a soft tissue mass measuring 5x4.5x2 cm with a glistening surface. Histopathological examination showed spindle cells in fascicles, small to medium vessels, and no signs of malignancy.

To summarize, vulvar angiofibroma is a rare benign tumor, especially in younger patients. Treatment involves excision, and in this case, follow-up revealed no recurrence, indicating a low risk of malignancy and recurrence. Differential diagnoses include Bartholin’s cyst, lipoma, and vulvar cyst.

Source: T Kiruthika, Jayanthy T. Rare benign vulvar tumours: Case series. Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research. 2025;12(1):151–154. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.